Tuesday, November 24, 2015

Dating Daniel to the Sixth Century BC

Dating Daniel to the Sixth Century BC









 Dating Daniel to the Sixth Century BC

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Holman
KJV Study Bible



Page 1406

The traditional view asserts that 
Daniel was completed in the 6th century BC.
Manuscript evidence supports this date ( 6th century BC ).
Fragments of Daniel were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls,
that were written well before the second century.
Linguistic evidence fits a 6th century BC date.
Historical evidence supports the 6th century BC date.



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The King James Study Bible
Thomas Nelson



Page 1227

The Book of Daniel
It was written during the sixth century BC.



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The Orthodox Study Bible
Ancient Christianity Speaks to Today's World
St. Athanasius Academy of Orthodox Theology



Page 1236

The Book of Daniel
Traditionally thought to have been written during the Babylonian captivity 
( 605 BC - 530 BC )



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Professor Dr. Peter Gentry PhD


DANIEL:
Literary structures aid in dating the work to the Sixth Century BC.



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Testimony Magazine


Daniel and the Dead Sea Scrolls


Higher criticism and the Bible - The book of Daniel ( Part 1 )


Higher criticism and the Bible - The book of Daniel ( Part 2 )


Historical issues in the book of Daniel


Christianity and the Dead Sea Scrolls



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Dr. Gerhard Hasel PhD

 New light on the book of Daniel from the Dead Sea scrolls
https://www.ministrymagazine.org/archive/1992/01/new-light-on-daniel

 The Book of Daniel :
Evidences relating to Persons and Chronology
http://www.auss.info/auss_publication_file.php?pub_id=616&journal=1&type=pdf

 The Book of Daniel and Matters of Language :
Evidences relating to Names, Words, and the Aramaic Language
http://www.auss.info/auss_publication_file.php?pub_id=632...1...

 Is the Aramaic of Daniel early or late?
https://www.ministrymagazine.org/archive/1980/01/is-the-aramaic-of-daniel-early-or-late
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Dr. Grant C. Richison

Date of Daniel



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Dating the Book of Daniel 
A Survey of the Evidence for an Early Date

 Mark S. Haughwout
Master of Arts (M.A.) The Bible and the Ancient Near East
Hebrew University Jerusalem

 http://www.markhaughwout.com/Bible/Dating_Daniel.pdf


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The Aramaic of Daniel & Integrity of the Biblical Prophecy

Joseph Rhodes

Global Journal of Classic Theology






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College Press   NIV Commentary Series

Mark Mangano






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College Press   Bible Study Textbook Series

Paul T. Butler





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The Sixth Century Origin of The Book of Daniel

Dr. Alfonso O. Espinosa PhD




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Authorship of Daniel

James M. Rochford
Masters in Theological Studies, Magna Cum Laude 




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The Date and Authorship of the Book of Daniel

 Dr. Charles Ray

 http://www.spiritandtruth.org/teaching/documents/articles/34/34.htm?x=x


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Flavius Josephus


The Works of Flavius Josephus
Antiquities of the Jews



Chapter 10.
Concerning Daniel, and what befel him at Babylon.



Chapter 11.
Concerning Nebuchadnezzar, and his successors: and how their government was dissolved by the Persians. And what things befel Daniel in Media: and what prophecies he delivered there.





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" I, Daniel "

 THE BOOK OF DANIEL
In the Book of Daniel,
Nine (9) times 
Daniel refers to himself 
"I, Daniel" or "Me Daniel"
Nine (9) times 

"I Daniel"   7 times
https://www.biblegateway.com/quicksearch/?quicksearch="I+Daniel"&qs_version=KJV

 "Me Daniel"   2 times
https://www.biblegateway.com/quicksearch/?quicksearch="Me+Daniel"&qs_version=KJV


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Jesus' References to Old Testament Scriptures



MATTHEW

"Therefore when you see the 'abomination of desolation,' spoken of by Daniel the prophet, standing in the holy place" (whoever reads, let him understand), "then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains." (Matthew 24:15, 16)

DANIEL

"Then he shall confirm a covenant with many for one week; but in the middle of the week he shall bring an end to sacrifice and offering. And on the wing of abominations shall be one who makes desolate, even until the consummation, which is determined, is poured out on the desolate." (Daniel 9:27, cf. Daniel 11:31, 12:11)



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New Testament References to Daniel


Matthew 24:15

Jesus:

When ye therefore shall see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place, (whoso readeth, let him understand:)



Mark 13:14

Jesus:

But when ye shall see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, standing where it ought not, (let him that readeth understand,) then let them that be in Judaea flee to the mountains:




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Son of Man   bar ’ěnoš   (Aramaic)

DANIEL 7
http://www.biblestudytools.com/parallel-bible/passage/?q=daniel+7&t=kjv&t2=nkjv

 13  "I was watching in the night visions, And behold, One like the Son of Man, Coming with the clouds of heaven! He came to the Ancient of Days, And they brought Him near before Him.

14  Then to Him was given dominion and glory and a kingdom, That all peoples, nations, and languages should serve Him. His dominion is an everlasting dominion, Which shall not pass away, And His kingdom the one Which shall not be destroyed.
MATTHEW 16
http://www.biblestudytools.com/parallel-bible/passage/?q=matthew+16&t=kjv&t2=nkjv

13  When Jesus came into the region of Caesarea Philippi, He asked His disciples, saying, “Who do men say that I, the Son of Man, am?”

14  So they said, “Some say John the Baptist, some Elijah, and others Jeremiah or one of the prophets.”

15  He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?”

16  Simon Peter answered and said, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”

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[ DANIEL is in the Canon of the Jewish Bible (Tanakh) ]

 The Jewish Publication Society (JPS)

 https://jps.org/books/tanakh-the-holy-scriptures-blue/

 TANAKH
The Holy Scriptures
The New JPS Translation according to the Traditional Hebrew Text

 Regarded throughout the English-speaking world as the standard English translation of the Holy Scriptures, the JPS TANAKH has been acclaimed by scholars, rabbis, lay leaders, Jews, and Christians alike.

 The JPS TANAKH
is the culmination of three decades of collaboration by academic scholars and rabbis, representing the three largest branches of organized Judaism in the United States.

 Not since the third century b.c.e., when 72 elders of the tribes of Israel created the Greek translation of Scriptures known as the Septuagint has such a broad-based committee of Jewish scholars produced a major Bible translation.

http://jps.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/JPSTanakh_CustomerGuide.pdf

 The Tanakh is the canon of the Jewish Bible (also known as the Hebrew Bible, the Holy Scriptures, or the Old Testament).  “Tanakh” is an acronym for the text’s three sections: the Torah (the Five Books of Moses), Nevi’im (Prophets) and Ketuvim (Writings).

 The JPS Tanakh is widely recognized as the most authoritative and preferred English translation of the Hebrew Bible in the Jewish world and beyond.

 Regarded throughout the English-speaking world as a landmark English translation of the Holy Scriptures, the JPS Tanakh has been acclaimed by scholars, rabbis, lay leaders, Jews, and Christians alike.

[ DANIEL is in the Canon of the Jewish Bible (Tanakh) ]



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Ezekiel's Daniel

Dr. Daniel Wallace PhD


Ezekiel's Daniel is the same as Daniel in the book that bears his name.

We conclude that
Ezekiel’s Daniel is Daniel’s Daniel 
and that on this strand of evidence at least 
the sixth century date of Daniel still remains intact.


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Ezekiel's 3 References to Daniel


Ezekiel 14:14

Though these three men, Noah, Daniel, and Job, were in it, they should deliver but their own souls by their righteousness, saith the Lord God.




Ezekiel 14:20

Though Noah, Daniel, and Job were in it, as I live, saith the Lord God, they shall deliver neither son nor daughter; they shall but deliver their own souls by their righteousness.




Ezekiel 28:3

Behold, thou art wiser than Daniel; there is no secret that they can hide from thee:




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The King James Study Bible
Thomas Nelson


Page 1153

The Book of Ezekiel

The author was Ezekiel the priest.

Almost all of Ezekiel's prophecies are in chronological order and are precisely dated. The commencement of his ministry is 593 BC. The termination of Ezekiel's ministry was in 571 BC.



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New American Bible - Revised Edition (NABRE)


The Book of Ezekiel

In 601 BC, Nebuchadnezzar, the Babylonian ruler, besieged Jerusalem. In 597, Nebuchadnezzar deported to Babylon, the royal family, along with members of the upper class, including Ezekiel the priest. Five years later, Ezekiel became the first prophet to be commissioned outside Judah or Israel. Jerusalem is destroyed in 587 BC.



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Catholic Study Bible 2nd Edition
New American Bible - Revised Edition (NABRE)
Oxford University Press


Page 320

The book of Ezekiel displays chronological order and careful arrangement.



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English Standard Version


EZEKIEL


Ezekiel is both the name of the sixth-century BC prophet and the title of the book that records his preaching.

Ezekiel lived out his prophetic career among the community of exiled Judeans in Babylon. He belonged to the priestly class

DATE

Ezekiel’s oracles are more frequently dated than those of other OT prophets. 

 The first date of the book takes the reader to the summer of 593 BC, 
five years after the first group of exiles was deported to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar. 
The latest-dated oracle comes 22 years after that summer, in April of 571 BC. 

 The book is arranged chronologically in three parts: chapters 1–24 and 33–48 form one sequence, while the foreign-nation oracles of chapters 25–32 have their own order.



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Holman
KJV Study Bible


Page 1324

The prophet Ezekiel composed the book of Ezekiel in Babylon.
All editorial work was carried out by the prophet Ezekiel.
The inclusion of historical dates is an important unifying factor.

 The book is one of the most chronologically ordered books of the Bible.
Thirteen times a passage is introduced by an indication of time.
Babylon King Nebuchanezzar invaded Jerusalem in 598/597 BC.
Ezekiel's prophetic call came in 593 BC.



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Ezekiel was a Sixth Century BC prophet.

The book of the prophet Ezekiel is dated to the Sixth Century BC.

Ezekiel references Daniel three times 

The above three verses
Link Daniel to Ezekiel, which is dated to the Sixth Century BC.

Therefore, Daniel is linked to the Sixth Century BC.



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